Does the IRS Have Authority to Certify ACA Employer Penalties?

The IRS has been sending notices to businesses about Affordable Care Act (“ACA”) penalties. The penalties are often very large in amount and, in many cases, come as a complete suprise to the business owners. This is particularly true for growing businesses that are right around the cutoff for the headcount requirements. Businesses with 50……

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When Does Your Shareholders’ Agreement Expire? The 10-Year Rule in Texas

Small business owners who form a corporation often create shareholders’ agreements to govern their relationships, protect minority investors, and establish protocols for share transfers. These agreements are particularly common in family businesses or closely-held corporations with just a few shareholders. But what happens when these agreements don’t specify how long they remain in effect? In……

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When Half-Sibling DNA Testing Establishes Texas Inheritance Rights

Families facing the loss of a loved one often confront unexpected challenges in the probate process. This is specially true when there is no will. This is also especially true for children born outside of marriage. This is also especially true with Texas probates, given the advanced body of probate law in Texas. These children…

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Commercial Lease Terms for Recovering Attorney’s Fees

Commercial landlords and tenants routinely negotiate detailed lease agreements with provisions designed to protect their interests in case of disputes. These agreements are intended to help avoid litigation. But when litigation arises and business owners have to hire attorneys, they usually want to know who pays the attorney’s fees? While Texas generally follows the “American……

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Can a Guardian of a Minor Extend Control Beyond the Ward’s 18th Birthday?

When a minor turns 18, Texas law typically requires the prompt termination of guardianship and the transfer of assets to the new adult. Yet some guardians find ways to maintain control over assets months or even years after the ward reaches adulthood. Through procedural maneuvers like motions for new trial and appeals, guardians can extend…

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Nursing Home Negligence Cases: The Importance of Expert Reports

Nursing home negligence cases often begin with a family’s discovery that their loved one suffered preventable harm while under medical care. These discoveries are often not made until after the loved one dies. When this happens, Texas law provides specific procedures for holding healthcare providers accountable. A cornerstone of these procedures is the expert report…

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Can Judge-Made Doctrine Override Tax Deductions Allowed by Congress?

The tax code provides specific rules for when taxpayers can claim deductions for losses. These are rules enacted by Congress. There are other so-called “judicial doctrines” that allow the courts to override the rules set by Congress. There are several of these that frequently come up in tax disputes, such as the economic substance doctrine……

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How to Identify Physical Injury from Vague Settlement Agreements

Business owners and independent contractors sometimes receive legal settlements to resolve disputes. While most settlement proceeds must be reported as taxable income, payments for physical injuries or physical sickness can be excluded under specific sections of the tax code. This exemption can significantly impact the amount of tax due. The tax consequences focus on the……

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