You Can’t Raise What You Didn’t Know: The Variance Doctrine

Our income tax system uses a self-reporting process. Taxpayers, in most cases, voluntarily file income tax returns. The IRS can then evaluate the filings to determine whether they appear to be correct or warrant further investigation. The IRS has developed a whole regime of forms to be used for this very purpose. Taxpayers who fill……

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Substantial Variance Doctrine for Informal Tax Refund Claims

Taxpayers often submit refund claims when they discover that they overpaid their taxes. Taxpayers usually do this by submitting a formal refund claim using the IRS’s prescribed forms. But this is not always required. In many cases, taxpayers will submit so-called “informal refund claims” to the IRS during the course of an IRS audit. The……

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Can the IRS Collect When the IRS Owes the Taxpayer?

The federal tax system provides various procedural safeguards to protect taxpayers while ensuring efficient tax collection. These protections become particularly important when taxpayers face immediate collection actions while simultaneously pursuing tax credits or refunds that could eliminate their tax debt. Many businesses have recently found themselves in this situation after filing amended returns to claim……

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